Neste trabalho são analisadas algumas alternativas tecnológicas para o desenvolvimento de pequenas graxarias destinadas à pequena produção de carne. É considerado que a substituição do conceito de "resíduos animais" pelo conceito de "matéria-prima para graxaria" pode ser amplificada com algumas implementações no processo produtivo, agregando valor aos subprodutos animais, no sentido de uma produção mais limpa, o que reduz o impacto ambiental da atividade e os riscos das más condições higiênicas.

This paper analyses some alternative technologies for the development of small rendering plants to small meat producers. It is considered that the replacement of the concept of "animal waste" by the "by-product or raw material for grease and rendering plants" concept can be amplified with some implementations in the production process, adding value to animal by-products to produce a greater recovery of these by-products, or even total use, eliminating waste and reducing the environmental impact of the activity and the risk of poor hygienic conditions.

Conventional sample holder cells used to the electric characterization of ceramics at high temperature consists of an alumina tube and platinum wires and plates using a complex design. The high cost materials used in the conventional sampler holder cell were replaced by stainless steel and conventional ceramics. The sample holder was validated by characterizing yttria-stabilized-zirconia in a temperature range of 25 to 700 ºC. The results do not present variations, discontinuity or unusual noise in the electric signals. Several samples were characterized without maintenance, which demonstrates that the sample holder is electric and mechanic adequate to be used to electrical characterization of ceramics up to 700 ºC.